The landscape of chemical research is undergoing a rapid transformation. Smart chemicals, engineered with intelligent algorithms, are emerging as the driving force of this revolution. These compounds possess unique properties, enabling them to respond to their environment in predictable ways. From self-healing materials to diagnostic tools, smart c

Nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties that have sparked widespread interest in their application for diverse technological domains. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), a particular class of nanomaterials, exhibit the remarkable ability to convert near-infrared radiation into visible light. This phenomenon has presented vast possibilities